TY - GEN AU - Kennerley, Helen AU - Kirk, Joan AU - Westbrook, David ED - Oxford Cognitive Therapy Centre TI - Introduction to cognitive behaviour therapy: skills and​ applications SN - 9781473962583 U1 - WM425.5.C6 PY - 2017/// CY - Los Angeles PB - SAGE KW - Cognitive therapy KW - Cognitive Therapy - methods KW - Anxiety Disorders - therapy KW - Depression - therapy KW - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy N1 - Contents: Machine generated contents note: 1.Basic Theory, Development and Current Status of CBT Introduction A brief history of CBT Some basic principles `Levels' of cognition Automatic thoughts (ATs)/​Negative automatic thoughts (NATs) Core beliefs Underlying assumptions Characteristic cognitions in different problems Generic CBT model of problem development The current status of CBT CBT competences The empirical evidence about CBT Summary Learning exercises Further reading 2.Distinctive Characteristics of CBT Collaboration Structure and active engagement Time-limited and brief Empirical in approach Problem-oriented in approach Guided discovery Behavioural methods In vivo work Summaries and feedback Myths about CBT Video links 2.1.Sharing capsule summaries (i) 2.2.Sharing capsule summaries (ii) Contents note continued: 2.3.Eliciting feedback from your client during a session (i) 2.4.Eliciting feedback from your client at the end of a session (ii) 3.The Therapeutic Relationship The therapeutic relationship as an essential foundation of therapy The role of the therapist Ways of building a positive and collaborative client-therapist relationship Ruptures in the therapeutic alliance Working with diversity and difference Boundary issues Maintaining treatment boundaries 3.1.Setting the scene and engaging your client 3.2.Dealing with signs of problems in the therapeutic relationship 3.3.Presenting the therapist dilemma: a simple issue (i) 3.4.Presenting the therapist dilemma: a more complex issue (ii) 4.Assessment and Formulation Formulation in CBT Formulation: art or science? Focus on maintenance processes Contents note continued: The process of assessment Assessing current problems Maintaining processes Assessing past history and problem development The order of assessment components `Non-specific' factors and the therapeutic relationship Making formulations Sample formulation Suitability for CBT Setting the scene for the assessment Possible problems during assessment Possible problems in making formulations 4.1.Exploring the client's fear: unpacking what's behind the problem 4.2.Refining hypotheses about `modifiers': learning more about strengths and needs 4.3.Using a recent episode to get more detailed information 4.4.Collaborative construction of the formulation: teamwork in conceptualisation 4.5.Constructing a simple formulation with your client: the `blobby' formulation 4.6.Constructing a simple formulation with your client: the vicious flower Contents note continued: 5.Measurement in CBT The empirical nature of CBT During and at the end of treatment Why bother with measurement? Psychometric aspects of monitoring Obtaining useful and accurate measures What sorts of information to collect Other sources of information Making the most of the data Problems when using measurements 5.1.Questionnaires (i): introducing questionnaires, giving the rationale and checking the client's understanding 5.2.Questionnaires (ii): feeding back the results of questionnaires 5.3.Evolving a self-monitoring task with a man with marked depression 6.Helping Clients Become Their Own Therapists Helping the client learn and remember Relapse management: a skill for life `Self-help' reading (bibliotherapy) Possible problems Contents note continued: 6.1.Taking your client around the learning cycle using clinical material 6.2.Sharing the principles of relapse management and teaching the skill 7.Socratic Methods Why choose Socratic methods? When do we use Socratic enquiry? How do we use Socratic methods effectively? When not to opt for Socratic methods Problems when using the Socratic approach 7.1.Using Socratic enquiry: the downward arrow technique 7.2.Stages of Socratic method in action 7.3.Multiple applications of Socratic method 8.Cognitive Techniques Presenting a rationale for cognitive work Identifying cognitions Using distraction in CBT Identifying cognitive biases Appraising automatic thoughts and images Developing new perspectives Testing automatic thoughts and images Modifying core beliefs Problems Contents note continued: Further reading 8.1.Sharing a thought diary with your client 8.2.Introducing distraction to your client 8.3.Dealing with worry and rumination 8.4.Addressing dichotomous thinking 8.5.Using imagery and role play 8.6.Drawing new conclusions 9.Behavioural Experiments What are BEs? Efficacy of BEs Types of BE Planning and implementing BEs Common problems in BEs 9.1.Clarifying predictions when setting up a behavioural experiment 9.2.Devising a spontaneous behavioural experiment 9.3.Carrying out an in vivo experiment 10.Physical Techniques Relaxation Controlled breathing Physical exercise Applied tension CBT and sleep 10.1.Introducing a relaxation exercise 10.2.Introducing controlled breathing Contents note continued: 11.The Course of Therapy Overall pattern of sessions The early stages Offering time-limited CBT 11.1.Introducing the idea of an agenda 11.2.Setting a mutually agreed agenda 11.3.Working out initial goals 11.4.Negotiating homework 12.Depression Characteristics of depression Common maintenance processes Course of treatment Components of CBT for depression Activity scheduling Common problems in activity scheduling Common problems with graded task assignment Jacobson's dismantling study and the behavioural activation approach Cognitive strategies in depression Early-stage cognitive strategies Main cognitive strategies Medication Dealing with suicidality Structured problem solving Potential problems when working with depressed clients Contents note continued: Video links 12.1.Getting results from a WAS 12.2.Developing positive imagery: coping in the future 12.3.Developing positive imagery: a safe body image 13.Anxiety Disorders Characteristics of anxiety and anxiety disorders Treatment approaches Problems when working with anxious clients 13.1.Devising a graded practice plan 13.2.Theory A versus Theory B in practice 14.Anxiety Disorders: Specific Models and Treatment Protocols Specific phobia Panic disorder Hypochondriasis or health anxieties Social anxieties Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Co-morbidity Conclusion Potential problems when working with specific models and treatment protocols 14.1.Sharing a simple neuropsychological explanation of traumatic memories 15.Wider Applications of CBT Eating disorders Psychological trauma Anger Psychotic symptoms Relationship difficulties Substance misuse and addictive disorders Other applications of CBT Video link 15.1.Motivating your client 16.Alternative Methods of Delivery Modes of delivery for CBT Self-help Large groups Conventional groups Couple therapy Pair therapy 17.Developments in CBT Why consider moving outside the framework of traditional CBT? Schemata in therapy Schema-focused work Compassion-based therapy Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) Other meta-cognitive therapies The radical behavioural interventions Neuroscience Contents note continued: Learning exercises 17.1.Addressing dichotomous thinking 17.2.Historical review with a client 17.3.Using a responsibility pie chart 18.Evaluating CUT Practice Types of evaluation Some frequently used questionnaires Clinical significance statistics Difficulties in evaluation 19.Using Supervision in CBT Goals of supervision Modes of supervision Choosing a supervisor Negotiating supervision arrangements Preparing for a supervision session During a supervision session Problems with supervision 19.1.Setting an agenda in supervision N2 - Summary: This guide to the basic theory, skills and applications of cognitive behaviour therapy is fully updated to reflect recent developments in CBT theory. It includes in-depth material on working with diversity, and new case studies and exercises to help you reflect and explore how theory can be used to develop effective practice. The Companion Website features over 40 videos illustrating the CBT skills and strategies discussed in the book, including: Measuring CBT's effectiveness, socratic method and applications, physical techniques and behavioural experiments, applications of CBT to specific client disorders and using supervision in CBT ER -